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标题:
泊秦淮
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作者:
不知道什么123
时间:
2015-7-1 20:15
标题:
泊秦淮
中唐人以白描叙日常生活,往往曲尽人情。朱庆余《闺意上张水部》写洞房花烛夜后的新嫁娘,令人过目不忘;王建《新嫁娘词》内容如朱诗之续,艺术上亦不相让。古时常言新媳妇难当,在于夫婿之上还有公婆。夫婿称心还不行,还得婆婆顺眼,第一印象非常重要。古代女子过门第三天(俗称“过三朝”),照例要下厨做菜,这习俗到清代还保持着,《儒林外史》二十七回:“南京的风俗,但凡新媳妇进门,三天就要到厨下去收拾一样菜,发个利市”。画眉入时固然重要,拿味合口则更为紧要。所以新媳妇总会有几分忐忑不安的。
“三日入厨下”直赋其事,同时也交待出新婚的特定程序。“洗手”本是操作中无关紧要的环节,写出来就有表现新妇慎重小心的功效——看来她是颇为内行,却分明有几分踌躇。原因很简单:“未谙姑(婆婆)食性”。考虑到姑食性的问题,颇见出新妇的精细。同样一道羹汤,兴许有说咸,有说淡。这里不仅有个客观好坏标准,还有个主观好恶标准。“知己不知彼”,是不能稳操胜券的。她需要参谋,还要考虑谁来参谋。夫婿么,十个男儿九粗心,他在回答母亲食性问题上,也许远不如对“画眉深浅”的问题来得那么叫人放心。而女儿才是最体贴娘亲的,女儿的习惯往往来自母亲的习惯,食性亦然。所以新嫁娘找准“小姑”。味”这东西,说不清而辨得出,不消问而只须请“尝”。小姑小到什么程度不得而知,总未成年,还很稚气。她也许心想尝汤而末敢僭先的,所以新嫂子要“遣”而尝之。姑嫂之间,嫂是尊长。对夫婿要低声问,对小姑则可“遣”矣。情事各别,均应服从于规定情景。这两句切合人物的身份和特定的生活情境,写得细腻传神。http://www.ylxw.com.cn/my/content/2015-07/01/content_2067892.htm
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